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<page xmlns="http://projectmallard.org/1.0/" xmlns:its="http://www.w3.org/2005/11/its" type="topic" id="mail-searching" xml:lang="fr">
 
  <info>
    <desc>Recherche de messages.</desc>
    
    <link type="guide" xref="searching-items"/>
    <link type="guide" xref="mail-organizing"/>
 
    <revision pkgversion="3.33.90" version="0.7" date="2019-09-05" status="draft"/>
    <credit type="author">
      <name its:translate="no">Max Vorobuov</name>
      <email its:translate="no">vmax0770@gmail.com</email>
    </credit>
    <credit type="author">
      <name its:translate="no">Andre Klapper</name>
      <email its:translate="no">ak-47@gmx.net</email>
    </credit>
    <credit type="author">
      <name its:translate="no">Novell, Inc</name>
    </credit>
    
    <include xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude" href="legal.xml"/>
        
 
  
    <mal:credit xmlns:mal="http://projectmallard.org/1.0/" type="translator copyright">
      <mal:name>Marc Lorber</mal:name>
      <mal:email>Linux-Lorber@club-internet.fr</mal:email>
      <mal:years>2006</mal:years>
    </mal:credit>
  
    <mal:credit xmlns:mal="http://projectmallard.org/1.0/" type="translator copyright">
      <mal:name>Jonathan Ernst</mal:name>
      <mal:email>jonathan@ernstfamily.ch</mal:email>
      <mal:years>2007</mal:years>
    </mal:credit>
  
    <mal:credit xmlns:mal="http://projectmallard.org/1.0/" type="translator copyright">
      <mal:name>Claude Paroz</mal:name>
      <mal:email>claude@2xlibre.net</mal:email>
      <mal:years>2007-2009</mal:years>
    </mal:credit>
  
    <mal:credit xmlns:mal="http://projectmallard.org/1.0/" type="translator copyright">
      <mal:name>Alexandre Franke</mal:name>
      <mal:email>alexandre.franke@gmail.com</mal:email>
      <mal:years>2009</mal:years>
    </mal:credit>
  
    <mal:credit xmlns:mal="http://projectmallard.org/1.0/" type="translator copyright">
      <mal:name>Bruno Brouard</mal:name>
      <mal:email>annoa.b@gmail.com</mal:email>
      <mal:years>2012 </mal:years>
    </mal:credit>
  
    <mal:credit xmlns:mal="http://projectmallard.org/1.0/" type="translator copyright">
      <mal:name>Alain Lojewski</mal:name>
      <mal:email>allomervan@gmail.com</mal:email>
      <mal:years>2013-2016</mal:years>
    </mal:credit>
  
    <mal:credit xmlns:mal="http://projectmallard.org/1.0/" type="translator copyright">
      <mal:name>Yvan Masson</mal:name>
      <mal:email>yvan@masson-informatique.fr</mal:email>
      <mal:years>2017</mal:years>
    </mal:credit>
  
    <mal:credit xmlns:mal="http://projectmallard.org/1.0/" type="translator copyright">
      <mal:name>Charles Monzat</mal:name>
      <mal:email>charles.monzat@free.fr</mal:email>
      <mal:years>2020</mal:years>
    </mal:credit>
  
    <mal:credit xmlns:mal="http://projectmallard.org/1.0/" type="translator copyright">
      <mal:name>vanadiae</mal:name>
      <mal:email>vanadiae35@gmail.com</mal:email>
      <mal:years>2020</mal:years>
    </mal:credit>
  
    <mal:credit xmlns:mal="http://projectmallard.org/1.0/" type="translator copyright">
      <mal:name>Guillaume Bernard</mal:name>
      <mal:email>associations@guillaume-bernard.fr</mal:email>
      <mal:years>2021</mal:years>
    </mal:credit>
  </info>
 
<title>Recherche de courriel</title>

<section id="search-single">
<title>Recherche dans un seul message</title>
<p>Pour trouver un texte dans le message affiché, sélectionnez <guiseq><gui>Édition</gui><gui>Rechercher dans le message</gui></guiseq> dans le menu principal.</p>
</section>

<section id="search-many">
<title>Recherche parmi les messages</title>

<section id="quick-search">
<title>Recherche rapide</title>
<p>Dans la vue des courriels, vous pouvez faire une recherche rapide de messages en définissant des conditions.</p>
<steps>
<item><p>Cliquez sur l’icône de recherche <media type="image" mime="image/png" its:translate="no" src="figures/search-icon.png"/> pour ouvrir la liste déroulante.</p></item>
<item><p>Sélectionnez le critère de recherche dans la liste.</p>
<note style="tip"><p>Certaines recherches peuvent être lentes sur les comptes de messagerie distants (par exemple IMAP+). Si vous sélectionnez une condition de recherche telle que <gui>Le corps contient</gui> ou <gui>Le message contient</gui>, qu’<app>Evolution</app> est en mode en ligne et que le ou les dossiers dans lesquels vous êtes sur le point de rechercher ne sont pas <link xref="mail-working-offline">déjà copiés localement pour une utilisation hors ligne</link>, Evolution lance automatiquement la recherche côté serveur de messagerie si le serveur annonce la prise en charge des recherches côté serveur. Lorsque vous effectuez une recherche sur des critères de recherche déjà disponibles localement (par exemple, les destinataires ou l’objet des messages), la recherche sera lancée localement.</p></note>
</item>
<item><p>Choisissez la portée dans la liste déroulante à côté de la boîte de texte.</p>
<note style="tip"><p>Pour la portée du <gui>Compte actuel</gui>, le terme « compte » se réfère aux nœuds de niveau supérieur dans la <link xref="intro-main-window#e-mail">liste des dossiers de courriels</link>, tels que « Sur cet ordinateur » ou les comptes de messagerie distants.</p></note>
</item>
<item><p>Saisissez le texte à rechercher et appuyez sur <key>Entrée</key>.</p></item>
<item><p><app>Evolution</app> affiche les résultats de la recherche.</p></item>
</steps>
<note style="tip"><p>Si vous démarrez directement à partir de l’étape 4, le texte sera recherché dans les objets et adresses des courriels et la portée sera le « Dossier actuel ».</p></note>
<note style="tip"><p>Si vous recherchez assez souvent des messages qui ne sont pas dans les mêmes dossiers, il peut être préférable de créer un dossier de recherche à la place ; consultez <link xref="mail-search-folders">Utilisation des dossiers de recherche</link> pour plus de détails.</p></note>
<p>Si vous voulez définir plusieurs critères de recherche, vous devriez faire une Recherche avancée, telle que décrite ci-dessous.</p>
</section>

<!-- As advanced-search, clearing-search, saved-searches, editing-a-saved-search are totally identical in all *-searching.page files, this is centrally in one file that's included by XInclude. See
http://blogs.gnome.org/shaunm/2011/07/21/understanding-xinclude/ for how it works. -->
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<section id="free-form-expression">
<title>Free Form Expression</title>
<p>One of the search conditions is a <gui>Free Form Expression</gui>, which allows defining complex conditions. As the first step, the given Free Form Expression is divided into words. If the word doesn't have any (known) tag prefix, then the value is checked whether it is in headers To, CC or Subject. In case of a white-space or any other special character is needed, then enclose the word into double quotes. To get a double quote double it inside quoted text; example: <code>cite ""here""</code> is parsed as one word <code>cite "here"</code>. For example, <code>f:John Smith</code> filters messages for the From containing <code>John</code> and the To, CC or Subject containing <code>Smith</code>, while <code>f:"John Smith"</code> filters messages for a sender <code>John Smith</code>.</p>
<p>The syntax of the tags is <code>&lt;tag&gt;[-&lt;options&gt;]:value</code>. The tags are:</p>
<table frame="all" rules="rows cols" shade="rows">
<tr><td><p>Tag</p></td><td><p>Abbreviation</p></td><td><p>Meaning</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p its:translate="no">from</p></td><td><p its:translate="no">f</p></td><td><p its:locNote="Translators: 'From' is a header name, do not translate it">From header should match (*)</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p its:translate="no">to</p></td><td><p its:translate="no">t</p></td><td><p its:locNote="Translators: 'To' is a header name, do not translate it">To header should match (*)</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p its:translate="no">cc</p></td><td><p its:translate="no">c</p></td><td><p its:locNote="Translators: 'CC' is a header name, do not translate it">CC header should match (*)</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p its:translate="no">recips</p></td><td><p its:translate="no">r</p></td><td><p its:locNote="Translators: 'To' and 'CC' are the header names, do not translate it">To or CC headers should match (*)</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p its:translate="no">subject</p></td><td><p its:translate="no">s</p></td><td><p its:locNote="Translators: 'Subject' is a header name, do not translate it">Subject header should match (*)</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p its:translate="no">list</p></td><td><p/></td><td><p>Mailing list header should match (*)</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p its:translate="no">header</p></td><td><p its:translate="no">h</p></td><td><p>given header should match (*)</p>
<p>the syntax is: <code>h:headerName=value</code> while the equal sign is used only as a delimiter, not as a match rule</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p its:translate="no">exists</p></td><td><p its:translate="no">e</p></td><td><p>whether given header exists</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p its:translate="no">tag</p></td><td><p/></td><td><p>given user tag is set on a message</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p its:translate="no">flag</p></td><td><p/></td><td><p>whether certain flag is set; known special values are:</p>
<p its:locNote="Translators: This is translated in a 'ffe' context"><code>Answered</code> - the message is marked as replied</p>
<p its:locNote="Translators: This is translated in a 'ffe' context"><code>Deleted</code> - the message is marked as deleted</p>
<p its:locNote="Translators: This is translated in a 'ffe' context"><code>Draft</code> - the message is marked as draft</p>
<p its:locNote="Translators: This is translated in a 'ffe' context"><code>Flagged</code> - the message is marked as important</p>
<p its:locNote="Translators: This is translated in a 'ffe' context"><code>Seen</code> - the message is marked as seen (not unread)</p>
<p its:locNote="Translators: This is translated in a 'ffe' context"><code>Attachment</code> - the message has an attachment</p>
<p>Any other value is checked for its non-emptiness.</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p its:translate="no">label</p></td><td><p its:translate="no">l</p></td><td><p>whether certain <link xref="mail-labels">label</link> is set on the message</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p its:translate="no">size</p></td><td><p its:translate="no">sz</p></td><td><p>whether message size, in KB, is equal to the given value</p>
<p>Two options are recognized, <code>&lt;</code> to get messages with smaller size, and <code>&gt;</code> to get messages with bigger size than the given. Example: <code>size-&gt;:1024</code> filters messages which are more than 1MB large.</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p its:translate="no">score</p></td><td><p its:translate="no">sc</p></td><td><p>compares <code>score</code> tag on the message against given value; default compare is equal, but, similar to <code>size</code> a <code>&lt;</code> and <code>&gt;</code> options can be used</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p its:translate="no">body</p></td><td><p its:translate="no">b</p></td><td><p>checks message body for an existence of the given word; default compare options is for <code>contains</code>, but a regular expression can be used if the option is one of the <code>regex</code>, <code>re</code> or <code>r</code>.</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p its:translate="no">sent</p></td><td><p/></td><td><p>message's Sent date should match (**)</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p its:translate="no">received</p></td><td><p its:translate="no">rcv</p></td><td><p>message's Received date should match (**)</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p its:translate="no">attachment</p></td><td><p its:translate="no">a</p></td><td><p>message has (if the value is not any of <code>no</code>, <code>false</code>, <code>0</code>) an attachment. Similar to <code>flag:attachment</code> tag.</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p its:translate="no">location</p></td><td><p its:translate="no">m</p></td><td><p>Checks message location. The location value (URL) can be found in the folder <gui>Properties</gui>. Example: <code>location:"On This Computer/Inbox"</code></p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p its:translate="no">mid</p></td><td><p/></td><td><p>Compares message ID.</p></td></tr>
</table>
<p>(*) Header comparisons can have a matching type option. The default is to check for a <code>contains</code>. The available options are:</p>
<table frame="all" rules="rows cols" shade="rows">
<tr><td><p>Option</p></td><td><p>Abbreviation</p></td><td><p>Meaning</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p its:translate="no">contains</p></td><td><p its:translate="no">c</p></td><td><p>matches with contains</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p its:translate="no">has-words</p></td><td><p its:translate="no">w</p></td><td><p>matches if contains whole word</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p its:translate="no">matches</p></td><td><p its:translate="no">m</p></td><td><p>value's exact match</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p its:translate="no">starts-with</p></td><td><p its:translate="no">sw</p></td><td><p>header value starts with the given value</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p its:translate="no">ends-with</p></td><td><p its:translate="no">ew</p></td><td><p>header value ends with the given value</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p its:translate="no">soundex</p></td><td><p its:translate="no">se</p></td><td><p>header value sounds similar to given value</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p its:translate="no">regex</p></td><td><p its:translate="no">r</p></td><td><p>the given value is a regular expression</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p its:translate="no">full-regex</p></td><td><p its:translate="no">fr</p></td><td><p>another type of a regular expression</p></td></tr>
</table>
<p>(**) Dates can be written relatively (positive number means <code>in the last X days</code>), while negative goes into the future. For example, to get messages received in the last 10 days use: <code>recv:10</code>. An exact date can be used as well, the format can be either <code>YYYY-MM-DD</code> (the preferred one), then ISO 8601 format or a date/date-time locale specific format. If the date/time parse fails, then the condition is skipped. The date compares can have extra options too, it's <code>&lt;</code>, <code>=</code> or <code>&gt;</code>, where the <code>&gt;</code> is the default compare option.</p>
<p>There are three special tags, which require special notation. They are:</p>
<list>
<item><p><code its:translate="no">not:(....)</code></p></item>
<item><p><code its:translate="no">and:(....)</code></p></item>
<item><p><code its:translate="no">or:(....)</code></p></item>
</list>
<p>which allows to create specialized expressions. The default (the most outer) conjunction is <code>and</code>. To change it to <code>or</code> enclose the whole filter into <code>or:(....)</code>. For example: <code>f:Bugzilla t:John</code> filters all messages which contains <code>Bugzilla</code> in the From and <code>John</code> in the To, while
<code>or:(f:Bugzilla t:John)</code> filters messages from Bugzilla or addressed to John.</p>
</section>
<section id="free-form-expression-examples">
<title>Free Form Expression examples</title>
<p>A list of some free form expressions follows:</p>
<table rules="rows">
<tr><td><p>Expression</p></td><td><p>Meaning</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p><code>f:John</code></p></td><td><p>Messages from <code>John</code></p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p><code>s-has-words:"green blue"</code></p></td><td><p>Messages, which contain both <code>green</code> and <code>blue</code> words in the Subject</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p><code>r-ew:example.com</code></p></td><td><p>Recipients' address (To/Cc headers) ends with <code>example.com</code></p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p><code>h-starts-with:Cc=Alice</code></p></td><td><p>The <code>Cc</code> starts with word <code>Alice</code></p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p><code>e:X-Secret-Header</code></p></td><td><p>An <code>X-Secret-Header</code> exists in the message</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p><code>l:work</code></p></td><td><p>Label <code>work</code> is set on the message</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p><code>sz-&lt;:10</code></p></td><td><p>Message size is less than 10KB</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p><code>sz-&gt;:100</code></p></td><td><p>Message size is more than 100KB</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p><code>b:important</code></p></td><td><p>The body contains a word <code>important</code></p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p><code>sent:7</code></p></td><td><p>Messages sent in the last 7 days</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p><code>rcv-=:2020-02-02</code></p></td><td><p>Messages received on the February 2nd, 2020</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p><code>a:1</code></p></td><td><p>Messages with attachment</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p><code>a:0</code></p></td><td><p>Messages without attachments</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p><code>and:(or:(r:Alice r:Bob) not:(r:Smith))</code></p></td><td><p>Messages whose recipient is <code>Alice</code> or <code>Bob</code>, but not <code>Smith</code></p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p><code>f:Bob rcv-&gt;:2020-01-01 rcv-&lt;:2020-12-31</code></p></td><td><p>Messages from <code>Bob</code>, received during the year 2020</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p><code>not:(flag:Seen) f:Bob rcv-&gt;:2020-01-01 rcv-&lt;:2020-12-31</code></p></td><td><p>Unread messages from <code>Bob</code>, received during the year 2020</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p><code>flag:Seen a:1 sz-&gt;:1024 f:Bob rcv:31</code></p></td><td><p>Read messages with attachment larger than 1MB from <code>Bob</code>, received during the past 31 days</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p><code>m:"On This Computer/Inbox"</code></p></td><td><p>Messages stored in the <code>On This Computer/Inbox</code> folder</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p><code>location-no:"On This Computer/Inbox"</code></p></td><td><p>Messages stored in all but the <code>On This Computer/Inbox</code> folder</p></td></tr>
</table>
</section>
</section> 
</page>
