// Copyright The OpenTelemetry Authors
// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0

package confighttp // import "go.opentelemetry.io/collector/config/confighttp"

import (
	"context"
	"crypto/tls"
	"errors"
	"fmt"
	"io"
	"net"
	"net/http"
	"net/url"
	"time"

	"github.com/rs/cors"
	"go.opentelemetry.io/contrib/instrumentation/net/http/otelhttp"
	"go.opentelemetry.io/otel"
	"golang.org/x/net/http2"

	"go.opentelemetry.io/collector/component"
	"go.opentelemetry.io/collector/config/configauth"
	"go.opentelemetry.io/collector/config/configcompression"
	"go.opentelemetry.io/collector/config/configopaque"
	"go.opentelemetry.io/collector/config/configtelemetry"
	"go.opentelemetry.io/collector/config/configtls"
	"go.opentelemetry.io/collector/config/internal"
	"go.opentelemetry.io/collector/extension/auth"
)

const headerContentEncoding = "Content-Encoding"
const defaultMaxRequestBodySize = 20 * 1024 * 1024 // 20MiB

// ClientConfig defines settings for creating an HTTP client.
type ClientConfig struct {
	// The target URL to send data to (e.g.: http://some.url:9411/v1/traces).
	Endpoint string `mapstructure:"endpoint"`

	// ProxyURL setting for the collector
	ProxyURL string `mapstructure:"proxy_url"`

	// TLSSetting struct exposes TLS client configuration.
	TLSSetting configtls.ClientConfig `mapstructure:"tls"`

	// ReadBufferSize for HTTP client. See http.Transport.ReadBufferSize.
	ReadBufferSize int `mapstructure:"read_buffer_size"`

	// WriteBufferSize for HTTP client. See http.Transport.WriteBufferSize.
	WriteBufferSize int `mapstructure:"write_buffer_size"`

	// Timeout parameter configures `http.Client.Timeout`.
	Timeout time.Duration `mapstructure:"timeout"`

	// Additional headers attached to each HTTP request sent by the client.
	// Existing header values are overwritten if collision happens.
	// Header values are opaque since they may be sensitive.
	Headers map[string]configopaque.String `mapstructure:"headers"`

	// Custom Round Tripper to allow for individual components to intercept HTTP requests
	CustomRoundTripper func(next http.RoundTripper) (http.RoundTripper, error)

	// Auth configuration for outgoing HTTP calls.
	Auth *configauth.Authentication `mapstructure:"auth"`

	// The compression key for supported compression types within collector.
	Compression configcompression.Type `mapstructure:"compression"`

	// MaxIdleConns is used to set a limit to the maximum idle HTTP connections the client can keep open.
	// There's an already set value, and we want to override it only if an explicit value provided
	MaxIdleConns *int `mapstructure:"max_idle_conns"`

	// MaxIdleConnsPerHost is used to set a limit to the maximum idle HTTP connections the host can keep open.
	// There's an already set value, and we want to override it only if an explicit value provided
	MaxIdleConnsPerHost *int `mapstructure:"max_idle_conns_per_host"`

	// MaxConnsPerHost limits the total number of connections per host, including connections in the dialing,
	// active, and idle states.
	// There's an already set value, and we want to override it only if an explicit value provided
	MaxConnsPerHost *int `mapstructure:"max_conns_per_host"`

	// IdleConnTimeout is the maximum amount of time a connection will remain open before closing itself.
	// There's an already set value, and we want to override it only if an explicit value provided
	IdleConnTimeout *time.Duration `mapstructure:"idle_conn_timeout"`

	// DisableKeepAlives, if true, disables HTTP keep-alives and will only use the connection to the server
	// for a single HTTP request.
	//
	// WARNING: enabling this option can result in significant overhead establishing a new HTTP(S)
	// connection for every request. Before enabling this option please consider whether changes
	// to idle connection settings can achieve your goal.
	DisableKeepAlives bool `mapstructure:"disable_keep_alives"`

	// This is needed in case you run into
	// https://github.com/golang/go/issues/59690
	// https://github.com/golang/go/issues/36026
	// HTTP2ReadIdleTimeout if the connection has been idle for the configured value send a ping frame for health check
	// 0s means no health check will be performed.
	HTTP2ReadIdleTimeout time.Duration `mapstructure:"http2_read_idle_timeout"`
	// HTTP2PingTimeout if there's no response to the ping within the configured value, the connection will be closed.
	// If not set or set to 0, it defaults to 15s.
	HTTP2PingTimeout time.Duration `mapstructure:"http2_ping_timeout"`
}

// NewDefaultClientConfig returns ClientConfig type object with
// the default values of 'MaxIdleConns' and 'IdleConnTimeout'.
// Other config options are not added as they are initialized with 'zero value' by GoLang as default.
// We encourage to use this function to create an object of ClientConfig.
func NewDefaultClientConfig() ClientConfig {
	// The default values are taken from the values of 'DefaultTransport' of 'http' package.
	maxIdleConns := 100
	idleConnTimeout := 90 * time.Second

	return ClientConfig{
		MaxIdleConns:    &maxIdleConns,
		IdleConnTimeout: &idleConnTimeout,
	}
}

// ToClient creates an HTTP client.
func (hcs *ClientConfig) ToClient(ctx context.Context, host component.Host, settings component.TelemetrySettings) (*http.Client, error) {
	tlsCfg, err := hcs.TLSSetting.LoadTLSConfig(ctx)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	transport := http.DefaultTransport.(*http.Transport).Clone()
	if tlsCfg != nil {
		transport.TLSClientConfig = tlsCfg
	}
	if hcs.ReadBufferSize > 0 {
		transport.ReadBufferSize = hcs.ReadBufferSize
	}
	if hcs.WriteBufferSize > 0 {
		transport.WriteBufferSize = hcs.WriteBufferSize
	}

	if hcs.MaxIdleConns != nil {
		transport.MaxIdleConns = *hcs.MaxIdleConns
	}

	if hcs.MaxIdleConnsPerHost != nil {
		transport.MaxIdleConnsPerHost = *hcs.MaxIdleConnsPerHost
	}

	if hcs.MaxConnsPerHost != nil {
		transport.MaxConnsPerHost = *hcs.MaxConnsPerHost
	}

	if hcs.IdleConnTimeout != nil {
		transport.IdleConnTimeout = *hcs.IdleConnTimeout
	}

	// Setting the Proxy URL
	if hcs.ProxyURL != "" {
		proxyURL, parseErr := url.ParseRequestURI(hcs.ProxyURL)
		if parseErr != nil {
			return nil, parseErr
		}
		transport.Proxy = http.ProxyURL(proxyURL)
	}

	transport.DisableKeepAlives = hcs.DisableKeepAlives

	if hcs.HTTP2ReadIdleTimeout > 0 {
		transport2, transportErr := http2.ConfigureTransports(transport)
		if transportErr != nil {
			return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to configure http2 transport: %w", transportErr)
		}
		transport2.ReadIdleTimeout = hcs.HTTP2ReadIdleTimeout
		transport2.PingTimeout = hcs.HTTP2PingTimeout
	}

	clientTransport := (http.RoundTripper)(transport)

	// The Auth RoundTripper should always be the innermost to ensure that
	// request signing-based auth mechanisms operate after compression
	// and header middleware modifies the request
	if hcs.Auth != nil {
		ext := host.GetExtensions()
		if ext == nil {
			return nil, errors.New("extensions configuration not found")
		}

		httpCustomAuthRoundTripper, aerr := hcs.Auth.GetClientAuthenticator(ext)
		if aerr != nil {
			return nil, aerr
		}

		clientTransport, err = httpCustomAuthRoundTripper.RoundTripper(clientTransport)
		if err != nil {
			return nil, err
		}
	}

	if len(hcs.Headers) > 0 {
		clientTransport = &headerRoundTripper{
			transport: clientTransport,
			headers:   hcs.Headers,
		}
	}

	// Compress the body using specified compression methods if non-empty string is provided.
	// Supporting gzip, zlib, deflate, snappy, and zstd; none is treated as uncompressed.
	if hcs.Compression.IsCompressed() {
		clientTransport, err = newCompressRoundTripper(clientTransport, hcs.Compression)
		if err != nil {
			return nil, err
		}
	}

	otelOpts := []otelhttp.Option{
		otelhttp.WithTracerProvider(settings.TracerProvider),
		otelhttp.WithPropagators(otel.GetTextMapPropagator()),
	}
	if settings.MetricsLevel >= configtelemetry.LevelDetailed {
		otelOpts = append(otelOpts, otelhttp.WithMeterProvider(settings.MeterProvider))
	}

	// wrapping http transport with otelhttp transport to enable otel instrumentation
	if settings.TracerProvider != nil && settings.MeterProvider != nil {
		clientTransport = otelhttp.NewTransport(clientTransport, otelOpts...)
	}

	if hcs.CustomRoundTripper != nil {
		clientTransport, err = hcs.CustomRoundTripper(clientTransport)
		if err != nil {
			return nil, err
		}
	}

	return &http.Client{
		Transport: clientTransport,
		Timeout:   hcs.Timeout,
	}, nil
}

// Custom RoundTripper that adds headers.
type headerRoundTripper struct {
	transport http.RoundTripper
	headers   map[string]configopaque.String
}

// RoundTrip is a custom RoundTripper that adds headers to the request.
func (interceptor *headerRoundTripper) RoundTrip(req *http.Request) (*http.Response, error) {
	// Set Host header if provided
	hostHeader, found := interceptor.headers["Host"]
	if found && hostHeader != "" {
		// `Host` field should be set to override default `Host` header value which is Endpoint
		req.Host = string(hostHeader)
	}
	for k, v := range interceptor.headers {
		req.Header.Set(k, string(v))
	}

	// Send the request to next transport.
	return interceptor.transport.RoundTrip(req)
}

// ServerConfig defines settings for creating an HTTP server.
type ServerConfig struct {
	// Endpoint configures the listening address for the server.
	Endpoint string `mapstructure:"endpoint"`

	// TLSSetting struct exposes TLS client configuration.
	TLSSetting *configtls.ServerConfig `mapstructure:"tls"`

	// CORS configures the server for HTTP cross-origin resource sharing (CORS).
	CORS *CORSConfig `mapstructure:"cors"`

	// Auth for this receiver
	Auth *configauth.Authentication `mapstructure:"auth"`

	// MaxRequestBodySize sets the maximum request body size in bytes. Default: 20MiB.
	MaxRequestBodySize int64 `mapstructure:"max_request_body_size"`

	// IncludeMetadata propagates the client metadata from the incoming requests to the downstream consumers
	// Experimental: *NOTE* this option is subject to change or removal in the future.
	IncludeMetadata bool `mapstructure:"include_metadata"`

	// Additional headers attached to each HTTP response sent to the client.
	// Header values are opaque since they may be sensitive.
	ResponseHeaders map[string]configopaque.String `mapstructure:"response_headers"`
}

// ToListener creates a net.Listener.
func (hss *ServerConfig) ToListener(ctx context.Context) (net.Listener, error) {
	listener, err := net.Listen("tcp", hss.Endpoint)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}

	if hss.TLSSetting != nil {
		var tlsCfg *tls.Config
		tlsCfg, err = hss.TLSSetting.LoadTLSConfig(ctx)
		if err != nil {
			return nil, err
		}
		tlsCfg.NextProtos = []string{http2.NextProtoTLS, "http/1.1"}
		listener = tls.NewListener(listener, tlsCfg)
	}

	return listener, nil
}

// toServerOptions has options that change the behavior of the HTTP server
// returned by ServerConfig.ToServer().
type toServerOptions struct {
	errHandler func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request, errorMsg string, statusCode int)
	decoders   map[string]func(body io.ReadCloser) (io.ReadCloser, error)
}

// ToServerOption is an option to change the behavior of the HTTP server
// returned by ServerConfig.ToServer().
type ToServerOption func(opts *toServerOptions)

// WithErrorHandler overrides the HTTP error handler that gets invoked
// when there is a failure inside httpContentDecompressor.
func WithErrorHandler(e func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request, errorMsg string, statusCode int)) ToServerOption {
	return func(opts *toServerOptions) {
		opts.errHandler = e
	}
}

// WithDecoder provides support for additional decoders to be configured
// by the caller.
func WithDecoder(key string, dec func(body io.ReadCloser) (io.ReadCloser, error)) ToServerOption {
	return func(opts *toServerOptions) {
		if opts.decoders == nil {
			opts.decoders = map[string]func(body io.ReadCloser) (io.ReadCloser, error){}
		}
		opts.decoders[key] = dec
	}
}

// ToServer creates an http.Server from settings object.
func (hss *ServerConfig) ToServer(_ context.Context, host component.Host, settings component.TelemetrySettings, handler http.Handler, opts ...ToServerOption) (*http.Server, error) {
	internal.WarnOnUnspecifiedHost(settings.Logger, hss.Endpoint)

	serverOpts := &toServerOptions{}
	for _, o := range opts {
		o(serverOpts)
	}

	if hss.MaxRequestBodySize <= 0 {
		hss.MaxRequestBodySize = defaultMaxRequestBodySize
	}

	handler = httpContentDecompressor(handler, hss.MaxRequestBodySize, serverOpts.errHandler, serverOpts.decoders)

	if hss.MaxRequestBodySize > 0 {
		handler = maxRequestBodySizeInterceptor(handler, hss.MaxRequestBodySize)
	}

	if hss.Auth != nil {
		server, err := hss.Auth.GetServerAuthenticator(host.GetExtensions())
		if err != nil {
			return nil, err
		}

		handler = authInterceptor(handler, server)
	}

	if hss.CORS != nil && len(hss.CORS.AllowedOrigins) > 0 {
		co := cors.Options{
			AllowedOrigins:   hss.CORS.AllowedOrigins,
			AllowCredentials: true,
			AllowedHeaders:   hss.CORS.AllowedHeaders,
			MaxAge:           hss.CORS.MaxAge,
		}
		handler = cors.New(co).Handler(handler)
	}
	if hss.CORS != nil && len(hss.CORS.AllowedOrigins) == 0 && len(hss.CORS.AllowedHeaders) > 0 {
		settings.Logger.Warn("The CORS configuration specifies allowed headers but no allowed origins, and is therefore ignored.")
	}

	if hss.ResponseHeaders != nil {
		handler = responseHeadersHandler(handler, hss.ResponseHeaders)
	}

	otelOpts := []otelhttp.Option{
		otelhttp.WithTracerProvider(settings.TracerProvider),
		otelhttp.WithPropagators(otel.GetTextMapPropagator()),
		otelhttp.WithSpanNameFormatter(func(_ string, r *http.Request) string {
			return r.URL.Path
		}),
	}
	if settings.MetricsLevel >= configtelemetry.LevelDetailed {
		otelOpts = append(otelOpts, otelhttp.WithMeterProvider(settings.MeterProvider))
	}

	// Enable OpenTelemetry observability plugin.
	// TODO: Consider to use component ID string as prefix for all the operations.
	handler = otelhttp.NewHandler(handler, "", otelOpts...)

	// wrap the current handler in an interceptor that will add client.Info to the request's context
	handler = &clientInfoHandler{
		next:            handler,
		includeMetadata: hss.IncludeMetadata,
	}

	return &http.Server{
		Handler: handler,
	}, nil
}

func responseHeadersHandler(handler http.Handler, headers map[string]configopaque.String) http.Handler {
	return http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
		h := w.Header()

		for k, v := range headers {
			h.Set(k, string(v))
		}

		handler.ServeHTTP(w, r)
	})
}

// CORSConfig configures a receiver for HTTP cross-origin resource sharing (CORS).
// See the underlying https://github.com/rs/cors package for details.
type CORSConfig struct {
	// AllowedOrigins sets the allowed values of the Origin header for
	// HTTP/JSON requests to an OTLP receiver. An origin may contain a
	// wildcard (*) to replace 0 or more characters (e.g.,
	// "http://*.domain.com", or "*" to allow any origin).
	AllowedOrigins []string `mapstructure:"allowed_origins"`

	// AllowedHeaders sets what headers will be allowed in CORS requests.
	// The Accept, Accept-Language, Content-Type, and Content-Language
	// headers are implicitly allowed. If no headers are listed,
	// X-Requested-With will also be accepted by default. Include "*" to
	// allow any request header.
	AllowedHeaders []string `mapstructure:"allowed_headers"`

	// MaxAge sets the value of the Access-Control-Max-Age response header.
	// Set it to the number of seconds that browsers should cache a CORS
	// preflight response for.
	MaxAge int `mapstructure:"max_age"`
}

func authInterceptor(next http.Handler, server auth.Server) http.Handler {
	return http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
		ctx, err := server.Authenticate(r.Context(), r.Header)
		if err != nil {
			http.Error(w, http.StatusText(http.StatusUnauthorized), http.StatusUnauthorized)
			return
		}

		next.ServeHTTP(w, r.WithContext(ctx))
	})
}

func maxRequestBodySizeInterceptor(next http.Handler, maxRecvSize int64) http.Handler {
	return http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
		r.Body = http.MaxBytesReader(w, r.Body, maxRecvSize)
		next.ServeHTTP(w, r)
	})
}
